According to the research literature, reducing the quality of friendships, low academic progress, and procrastination can be negative effects of Phubbing behavior in students. So, the present study aimed to determine the mediating role of smartphone addiction in the relationship between personality traits and phubbing behavior among students. By using a descriptive-correlational design, specifically a structural equation modeling approach, a total of 615 participants (334 females, 281 males) were selected through convenience sampling from universities in Tehran. Participants completed standardized questionnaires, including the revised NEO personality inventory, the smartphone addiction scale, and the generic scale of phubbing, online. The findings indicated a significant direct relationship between extraversion and Phubbing behavior, On the other hand, the results showed a significant positive relationship between neuroticism and extraversion with smartphone addiction. Also, the results showed a significant negative relationship between agreeableness and consciousness with smartphone addiction. Moreover, smartphone addiction mediated the relationship between neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and consciousness with phubbing behavior among students. It appears that in therapeutic settings, it is possible to reduce the amount of phubbling behavior in students by intervening on risk factors and smartphone addiction.