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The purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between the personality variables of the five-factor model and marital satisfaction. The sample of the study included 400 mothers of primary school children in Tehran. Data was collected through administration of NEO-Five Factor Inventory and ENRICH questionnaire. The results of the study showed significant negative relationship between Neuroticism and marital satisfaction. But agreeableness and conscientiousness were positively correlated with marital satisfaction. These findings suggest that agreeableness and conscientiousness deserve increased attention as significant correlates of marital satisfaction.

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Procrastination is a behavioral phenomenon, described as the act off putting off the tasks, which may result in stress, a sense of guilt, severe loss of personal productivity, as well as social disapproval for not meeting responsibilities or commitments. The present study aimed to investigate the role of goal orientation, self- efficacy in self-regulation and personality in the academic procrastination. Using a random stratified method, 372 students were selected from the whole students of Tabriz University. They were assessed by Academic Procrastination Orientation Questionnaire (APOQ), Achievement Goal Inventory (AGI), Scale of Academic Motivation (SAM), and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). The results showed that mastery-approach, work-avoidance, performance-avoidance, and performance-approach as methods of goal orientation as well as self-efficacy in self-regulation and personality characteristics such as neuroticism and conscientiousness could predict procrastination differentially and in a combined method. Therefore, based on the study results it could be concluded that students' academic procrastination could be explained based on goal orientation, self-efficacy of self-regulation and personality characteristics such as neuroticism and conscientiousness. In other words, any orientation on achievement goals includes characteristics that have different roles in the prediction of procrastination. Besides, in most of personal and social situations, personality traits determine the individual behaviors.

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Studies have showed that personality traits of mother have important role in externalizing disorders (ED) and internalizing disorders (ID) of girls. The objective of this study was predicting of ED and ID on the basis of mother’s personality traits including neuroticism, psychoticism, and extraversion. One hundred and eight normal girl students, ranging from 11 to 16 years old and their mothers participated in this study. Mothers answered to Child Symptoms Inventory (csi-4) on the basis of their girls symptoms, and also to Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) on the basis of own personality characteristics. Analysis showed that mother’s neuroticism is predictor of ED and ID in girls. Beta coefficient of neuroticism for predicting ED was lesser than that for predicting ID IN girls. Psychoticism and extraversion weren’t predictors of ED and ID. In summary the data suggest that girls who their mother have increased level of neuroticism are at risk for ED and ID.

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The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between psychological vulnerability with metabolic syndrome and the mediating role of health behaviors, chronic stress, and depressive symptoms. A total of 199 first degree adult relatives of patients with type II diabetes participated in the present study. Type D personality, anger, hostility, and neuroticism were considered as psychological vulnerability. Health behaviors involved exercise, smoking, and sitting behavior. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP-III) criteria and using blood test as well as measuring blood pressure and waist circumference. Participants also answered the items of type D personality Scale (DS-14), neuroticism subscale of EPQ-RS, depression subscale of DASS, and anger and hostility subscales of SCL-90-R. Results indicated that psychological vulnerability did not predict metabolic syndrome directly, but was a good predictor of metabolic syndrome through chronic stress and depressive symptoms. In other words, chronic stress and depressive symptoms (but not health behaviors) had a mediating role on the relationship between psychological vulnerability and metabolic syndrome. Based on findings of the present study, it is suggested that chronic stress and depressive symptoms may be considered to be important mechanisms underlying the connection between undesirable personality traits and metabolic syndrome.

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Similarities or differences in personality traits of couples are among the important factors that can predict the stability and marital satisfaction. The present study examined the relationship between couple’s personality similarity and their marital satisfaction in a sample of 100 married couples which have been living together for at least one year. All participants completed a short version of the NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and a long version of the Enriching and Nurturing Relationship Issues, Communication and Happiness (ENRICH). The results demonstrated that couples similarity in extraversion predicted higher marital satisfaction in women. Couples who both had high scores in neuroticism showed lower marital satisfaction relative to couples who both had low scores in this characteristic. Couples who both had high scores in agreeableness and conscientiousness, showed higher marital satisfaction relative to couples who both had low scores in these characteristics. Based on the results of the present study, similarity in personality characteristics is not the only determinant of marital satisfaction.