دوره 20، شماره 1 - ( 1-1404 )                   جلد 20 شماره 1 صفحات 15-1 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها

XML English Abstract Print

مقایسه تاثیر مشاوره گروهی بر اساس دو رویکرد واقعیت‌درمانی و طرحواره‌درمانی بر احساس خودارزشمندی در زنان با ویژگی‌های شخصیتی وابسته
افسانه نادری1 ، حمید یعقوبی*2 ، محمدرضا صفاریان طوسی3 ، انیس ایران‌منش4
1- دانشجوی دکتری مشاوره خانواده، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
2- دانشیار، گروه مشاوره و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران-گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران ، hamidyaghubi@gmail.com
3- استادیار، گروه مشاوره و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
4- استادیار، گروه آمار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
چکیده:   (214 مشاهده)
زنان وابسته به دلیل عدم مسئولیت‌پذیری، منبع کنترل بیرونی و آسیب‌های دوران کودکی، در معرض احساس بی‌ارزشی در روابط بین‌فردی هستند. هدف پژوهش حاضر، مقایسه اثربخشی دو مشاوره گروهی مبتنی بر واقعیت­درمانی و طرحواره­درمانی بر مولفه احساس خودارزشمندی در زنان با ویژگی‌های شخصیتی وابستگی است. روش پژوهش، آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل همه زنان مراجعه­کننده به مراکز مشاوره مشهد بودند. با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی، 24 زن به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب و در سه گروه طرحواره‌درمانی، واقعیت‌درمانی و گروه کنترل گمارده شدند. گروه­های آزمایشی هر یک مداخلاتی مبنی بر 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه­ای دریافت کردند؛ در حالی‌که گروه کنترل هیچ آموزشی دریافت نکرد. جهت گردآوری داده­ها، از دو پرسشنامه خودارزشمندی و وابستگی به دیگران استفاده شد. برای تحلیل داده­ها از تحلیل کواریانس چند متغیره و تک متغیری استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد واقعیت‌درمانی و طرحواره‌درمانی در مرحله پس­آزمون بر افزایش نمره کل خودارزشمندی تاثیر معناداری داشتند (001/0P<). نتیجه کلی مبنی بر مقایسه تطبیقی بین دو مشاوره گروهی مذکور نشان داد واقعیت­درمانی، اثربخشی بیشتری نسبت به طرحواره‌درمانی بر احساس خودارزشمندی و زیرمقیاس‌های روابط بین‌فردی، خودپذیری و شایستگی داشته‌است ؛ اما واقعیت­درمانی در مقایسه با طرحواره­درمانی تفاوت معنی­داری در بهبود معنای زندگی نداشته‌است. در پایان، نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، به تفصیل مورد بحث قرار گرفتند.
شماره‌ی مقاله: 1
واژه‌های کلیدی: واقعیت‌درمانی، طرحواره‌درمانی، احساس خودارزشمندی، زنان، ویژگی شخصیتی وابستگی
متن کامل [PDF 585 kb]   (1 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: تخصصي
دریافت: 1403/1/19 | ویرایش نهایی: 1404/11/27 | پذیرش: 1404/11/28 | انتشار الکترونیک پیش از انتشار نهایی: 1404/11/29 | انتشار: 1404/11/30
فهرست منابع
1. Abbasi A., Farokhzadian, J., Torkaman, M., & Miri, S. (2025). Schema therapy in partially sighted individuals with a focus on social isolation and self-esteem: An interventional study. BMC Psychiatry, 25(1),289. [DOI:10.1186/s12888-025-06732-4] [PMID] []
2. Abdi, Z., Rejali, M., Hosseini Kupaei, M., Shojaei, F., & Masoudi, B. (2025). A Comparative Study of hope therapy and schema therapy interventions on assertiveness and self-esteem in divorced female heads of households [In Persian]. Iranian Journal of Educational Sociology, 8(2), http://iase-idje.ir/article-1-1528-en.html
3. Arntz, A., & Jacob, G. (2013). Schema therapy in practice: An introductory guide to the schema mode approach. Oxford University Press.
4. Babaeian, M., Shahmoradi, S., & Naghsh, Z. (2024). The relationship between perceived parenting styles and fear of being single: The mediating role of dependency and undeveloped-self schemas. Journal of Applied Psychological Research, 15(1), 169-188. [DOI:10.22059/japr.2024.362065.644674]
5. Baghaipour, L., Sjjadian, I., & Golparvar, M. (2022). The effectiveness of self-worth treatment on rumination and self-criticism of depressed individuals [In Persian]. Contemporary Psychology, 17(1), 29-42
6. http: // dorl. net/dor/20.1001.1.20081243.1401.17.1.3.8
7. Bahadori Khosroshahi, J., & Habibykalibar, R. (2017). Effectiveness of group reality therapy on psychological capital, self-worth and social well-being of elderly people. Aging Psychology, 2(3), 153-165.
8. Behary, W. T., & Dieckmann, E. (2011). Schema therapy for narcissism: The art of empathic confrontation, limit-setting, and leverage. In W. K. Campbell & J. M. Miller (Eds.), The Handbook of narcissism and narcissistic personality disorder: Theoretical approaches, empirical findings, and treatments, (pp. 445-456). [DOI:10.1002/9781118093108.ch40]
9. Corey, G. (2017). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy (10th ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
10. Crisan, S., Canache, M., Buksa, D., & Nechita, D. (2022). A compassion between self-compassion and unconditional self-acceptance: Interventions on self-blame, empathy, shame, guilt-proneness, and performance. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 1-17. [DOI:10.1080/02699931.2015.1078292] [PMID]
11. Crocker, j., Luhtanen, R. K., Cooper, M. L., & Bouvrette, A. (2003). Contingencies of self-worth in college students: Theory and measurement. Journal of Presonality and Social Psychology, 85(5), 894-908. [DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.85.5.894] [PMID]
12. Curran, T., Meter, D., Janovec, A., Brown, E. & Caban, S. (2021). Maternal adult attachment styles and mother-child transmissions of social skills and self-esteem. Journal of family Studies, 27(4). 491-505. [DOI:10.1080/13229400.2019.1637365]
13. Daemi, F., & Janbozorgi, M. (2011). The effect of parenting style and early maladaptive schemas on children's self-esteem [In Persian]. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 5(2), 165-172.
14. Damirchi, E., Moradi, M., & Noroozi Homayoon, M. (2024). Investigating the effectiveness of based-on-mentality schema therapy on feelings of loneliness, depression and self-concept of unmarried girls. Journal of Preventive Counseling (JPC), 5(4), 39-57. [DOI:10.22098/jpc.2024.15112.1236]
15. Donald, J. N., Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P. D., Sahdra, B. K., Marshall, S. L., & Guo, J. (2018). A worthy self is a caring self: Examining the developmental relations between self-esteem and self-compassion in adolescents. Journal of Personality, 86(4), 619-630. [DOI:10.1111/jopy.12340] [PMID]
16. Dousti, P., & Hosseininia, N. (2020). Constructing and standardizing the feeling of self-worth questionnaire [In Persian]. The Journal of New Advances in Behavioral Sciences, 5(48), 19-27.
17. Dupasquier, J. R., Kelly, A. C., Moscovitch, D. A., & Vidovic, V. (2020). Cultivating self-compassion promotes disclosure of experiences that threaten self-esteem. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 44(1), 108-119. [DOI:10.1007/s10608-019-10050-x]
18. Ebadi, Z., Ramezani, N., Zekri, F., Bozari, B., & Nemati Chalavi, L. (2024). Comparison of the effectiveness of reality therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on the components of basic psychological needs. Razavi International journal of Medicine, 12(3), 32-39. [DOI:10.30483/rijm.2024.254497.1303]
19. Fallah, F., Mansouri, Z., & zamani kokhaloo, L. (2024). The relationship between maladaptive schemas and feelings of loneliness with the isolation of girls with dysmorphic disorder [In Persian]. Clinical Psychology Achievements, 10(4), 1-4. [DOI:10.22055/jacp.2024.47561.1399]
20. Farrell, J. M., & Shaw, I. A. (2012). Group schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: A step-by-step treatment manual with patient workbook. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. [DOI:10.1002/9781119943167]
21. Farrell, J. M., Shaw, I. A. (2018). Experiencing schema therapy from the inside out (pp. 33-35). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
22. Glasser, W. (2000). Counseling with Choice Theory: The new reality therapy. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
23. Heidari, A. (2020). Comparison of the effectiveness of matrix therapy and modern group reality therapy based on choice theory on resilience and social adjustment in methamphetamine dependent men who are treated with buprenorphine [In Persian]. Research on Addiction, 13(54), 45-54.
24. Heydarpour, S., Parvane, E., Saqqezi, A., Ziapour, A., Dehghan, F., & Parvaneh, A. (2018). Effectiveness of group counseling based on the reality therapy on resilience and psychological well-being of mothers with an intellectually disabled child. International Journal of Pediatrics, 6(6), 7851-7860. [DOI:10.22038/ijp.2018.29464.2579]
25. Joobanian, F. F., khanzadeh, A. H., Khosrojavid, M., & Shakerinia, I. (2025). The effectiveness of schema-based therapy on self-esteem and distress tolerance in students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid social anxiety [In Persian]. Journal of Empowering Exceptional Children, 16(2), 62-74. [DOI:10.22034/ceciranj.2025.503026.1935]
26. Kaisa, E., Sirpa, H., & Irma, N. (2016). Is loneliness associated with malnutrition in older people? International Journal of Gerontology, 10(1), 43-45. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijge.2015.09. 001]
27. Kamali, Z., & Akbarzad, M. (2024). Comparison of the effectiveness of schema therapy in online versus in-person counseling on improving depression, interpersonal relationships, and maladaptive schemas in the domain of disconnection and rejection among women. Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences, 22(2), 213-223. [DOI:10.24193/jebp.2024.2.14]
28. Khamrniyai, G., Zarei, S., Farahabadi, M., Amirsasan, Y., Mirmasoomi, M., & Arkani, E. (2025). The effectiveness of schema therapy on self-esteem and cognitive flexibility in women with bulimia nervosa [In Persian]. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research in Nursing, 11(2), 88-98. [DOI:10.22034/IJRN.11.2.88]
29. Kotera, Y., Green, P., & Sheffield, D. (2021). Mental health of therapeutic students: Relationships with attitudes, self-criticism, self-compassion, and caregiver identity. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 49(5), 701-712. [DOI:10.1080/03069885.2019.1704683]
30. Marquet, L. D. (2020). Leadership is language: The hidden power of what you say and what you don't. Portfolio/Penquin.
31. Moghadam, F., Ebrahimi Moghadam, H., & Jahangir, P. (2021). The relationship between perfectionism, early maladaptive schemas, attachment styles, and body image concern by the mediating role of self-esteem in cosmetic surgery applicants. Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care, 7(1), 27-42. [DOI:10.32598/JCCNC.7.1.351.1]
32. Montalban, M. A., & Arrogante, O. (2020). Rehabilitation through virtual reality therapy after a stroke: A literature review. Revista Científica de la Sociedad de Enfermería Neurológica (English ed.). [DOI:10.1016/j.sedeng.2020.01.001]
33. Moradi, sh., & Moradi, sh. (2023). Efficacy of schema therapy training on self-efficacy, self-esteem and assertiveness in women heads of households covered by welfare in Karaj [In Persian]. Psychology of Woman Journal. 4(2), 9-16. [DOI:10.61838/kman.pwj.4.2.2]
34. Moshtaghi, S. (2025). The effectiveness of group emotional schema therapy in reducing feelings of loneliness and rumination in mothers with mentally retarded children [In Persian]. Journal of Family Relations Study, 5(1), 27-33. [DOI:10.22098/jfrs.2024.14289.1162]
35. Nadeau, M. M., Caporale-Berkowitz, N. A., & Rochlen, A. B. (2021). Improving women's self-compassion through an online program: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Counselling & Development, 99(1), 47-59. [DOI:10.1002/jcad.12353]
36. Olave, L., Iruarrizaga, I., Macía, P., Momeñe, J., Estévez, A., Muñiz, J. A., & Peñacoba, C. (2025). Exploring exercise addiction, self-esteem, and early maladaptive schemas: A cross-sectional study among female university students. Healthcare, 3(4), 422. [DOI:10.3390/healthcare13040422] [PMID] []
37. Oltean, L. E., Canache, M. G., Patrichi, A., Rîmbu, R. I., Sîntoma, D., Andrei, C. Miu, A. C., & Szentágotai-Tătar, A. (2024). Loneliness and cognitive vulnerability factors: A systematic review focused on maladaptive cognitions. Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies, 24(2), 7-38. [DOI:10.24193/jebp.2024.2.14]
38. Pandey, R., Tiwari, G. K., Parihar, P., & Rai, P. K. (2021). Positive, not negative, self-compassion mediates the relationship between self-esteem and well-being. Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory Research and Practice, 94(1), 1-15. [DOI:10.1111/papt.12259] [PMID]
39. Prieler, M., Choi, J., & Eun Lee, H. (2021). The relationships among self-worth contingency on others' approval, appearance comparisons on Facebook, and adolescent girls' body esteem: A cross-cultural study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 901. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph18030901] [PMID] []
40. Rahnamei Zekavat, A., & Moshkani, M. (2024). Comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy with short-term psychodynamic therapy on self-esteem and socio-cultural attitudes towards the appearance of women applying for cosmetic surgery [In Persian]. Family and health Quarterly, 4(2), 132-146. https://sanad.iau.ir/Journal/fhj/Article/1197710
41. Rajmy, Z., Fauziah, A. D., Pratiwi, K. D., & Sovitriana, R. (2025). Application of reality therapy using the WDEP technique to improve self-efficacy among volunteer students at Yatama Az-Zrka
42. Islamic boarding sclool, Sawangan Depork [In Persian]. European Journal of Psychological Research, 12(1), 26-34. ISSN 2057-4794
43. Rogers, R. N., Keller, C., Larkey, L., & Ainsworth, B. (2012). A randomized controlled trial to determine the efficacy of sign Chi Do exercise on adaptation to aging. Research in Gerontological Nursing, 5(2), 101-113. [DOI:10.3928/19404921-20110706-01] [PMID]
44. Rosebrock, L., Freeman, J., Rovira, A., Miguel, A. L., Ward, R., Bousfield, M., Riffiod, L., Kamvar, R., Kabir, T., Waite, F., & Freeman, D. Developing an automated virtual reality therapy for improving positive self-beliefs and psychological well-being (Phoenix VR self-confidence therapy): Tutorial. JMIR Serious Games. [DOI:10.2196/51512] [PMID] []
45. Sabetghadam1, F., & Khoshakhlaghm., H. (2022). Comparing the effectiveness of compassion therapy training and reality therapy on psychosomatic symptoms, perceived stress and quality of life among health workers of certain teaching-treatment hospitals during the outbreak of covid-19 in Isfahan [In Persian]. Contemporary Psychology, 17 (1). 129-145. [DOI:10.1001.1.20081243.1401.17.1.11.6]
46. Sadeghi, P., Nik amal, M., & Pour Salehi Navideh, M. (2023). The predicting of sexual satisfaction based on early maladaptive schemas and irrational beliefs in women with marital conflict [In Persian]. Contemporary Psychology, 18(2), 79-88. [DOI:10.29252/bjcp.18.2.79]
47. Shabaan, M., Khosravi, N., & Peyvastgar, F. (2021). Cultural adaptation of a group schema therapy protocol for Iranian women: A methodological study [In Persian]. Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 19(2), 45-62.
48. Shojaeinejad, M., & Ganji, K. (2025). The effectiveness of reality therapy on depression and self-efficacy in mothers of children with down syndrome (Tehran). International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 10(1), 9-21. [DOI:10.58885/ijssh.v10i1.9.ms]
49. Stephenson, E., Watson, P. J., Chen, Z. J., & Morris, R. J. (2018). Self-compassion, self-esteem, and irrational beliefs. Current Psychology, 37(4), 809-815. [DOI:10.1007/s12144-017-9563-2]
50. Subik, N.J., Falat, J. & Magagnos, J. (2020). When self-worth depends on social media feedback: Associations with psychological well-being. Sex Roles, 82(7), 411-421. [DOI:10.1007/s11199-019-01062-8]
51. Wood, E. H., Jepson, A. & Stadler, R. (2021). Doing and feeling together in older age: Self-worth and belonging through social creative activities. Ageing & Society, 1-12. [DOI:10.1017/S0144686X21001628]
52. Wubbolding, R. E. (2017). Reality therapy and self-evaluation: The key to client change. John Wiley & Sons [DOI:10.1002/9781119376248]
53. Wubbolding, R. E., Brickell, J., Imhof, L., InzaKim, R., Lojk, l., & Al-Rashidi, B. (2004). Reality therapy: A global perspective. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 26 (3), 219-228. [DOI:10.1023/B:ADCO.0000035526.02422.0d]
54. Wubbolding R. E. & CTRTC, Ed. D. (2021). Locus of control and self-evaluation. The International Journal of Choice Theory and Reality Therapy, XLI(1), 59-65
55. Young, J., Klosko, J., & Weishaar, M. (2003). Schema therapy: A practitioner's guide. The Guildford Press
56. Ypsilanti, A., Lazuras, L., Powell, P., & Overton, P. (2019). Self-disgust as a potential mechanism explaining the association between loneliness and depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 243, 108-115. [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.056] [PMID]
57. Yulianti, D., Aulia, F., Mahyatun, B., Marfuatun, M., & Alengka N. (2024). Reality counseling: Overcome anxiety and build self-confidence in thesis completion. Journal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 11(2), 219-226. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0 [DOI:10.24042/kons.v11i2.24269]
ارسال پیام به نویسنده مسئول

بازنشر اطلاعات
Creative Commons License این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است.

کلیه حقوق این وب سایت متعلق به روانشناسی معاصر، دوفصلنامه انجمن روانشناسی ایران می باشد.

طراحی و برنامه نویسی : یکتاوب افزار شرق