دوره 19، شماره 2 - ( 10-1403 )                   جلد 19 شماره 2 صفحات 146-129 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها

XML English Abstract Print

ساخت، اعتباریابی و رواسازی مقیاس ایرانی فرزندپروری مثبت و ایمن
مهناز علی اکبری*1 ، راضیه اسمعیلی2 ، طیبه محتشمی3 ، معصومه تدریس تبریزی4
1- استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران ، aliakbaridehkordi@gmail.com
2- دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی سلامت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3- دکتری مطالعات اعتیاد، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران
4- دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
چکیده:   (1779 مشاهده)

به‌دلیل اهمیت فرزندپروری، پرسشنامه‌های بسیاری برای سنجش سبک‌های فرزندپروری در کودکان ساخته شده است که تعدادی از آن‌ها به فارسی ترجمه شده و در پژوهش‌ها استفاده می‌شوند. هر کدام از این پرسشنامه‌ها، بعد خاصی از فرزندپروری را به‌صورت مجزا پوشش می‌دهند؛ بر این اساس، می‌توان گفت وجود ابزاری که بتواند همه عوامل موثر را در کنار هم بررسی نماید و با فرهنگ ایرانی سازگار باشد، از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر با هدف ساخت، اعتباریابی و هنجاریابی مقیاس ایرانی فرزندپروری مثبت و ایمن طراحی و اجرا شد. مطالعه حاضر، یک مطالعه توصیفی از نوع آزمون‌سازی بود و  بر روی مادرانی که در شهر تهران زندگی می‌کردند و به پرسشنامه‏ محقق‌ساخته فرزندپروری مثبت و ایمن پاسخ دادند،  اجرا شد. داده‌ها در دو مرحله با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ، تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تحلیل عاملی تاییدی با کمک نرم‌افزارهای SPSS نسخه 24 و لیزرل نسخه 5/8 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که ضریب پایایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ حاکی از پایایی مطلوب برای کل مقیاس و هر کدام از عامل‌ها بود. همچنین، نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی بیانگر وجود هفت عامل شامل آگاهی و باورهای والدین در فرزندپروری، اصول فرزندپروری لذت‌بخش، سبک والدگری مقتدر، اصول تعامل خوب و ایجاد رابطه، آگاهی از اصول تشویق، دلبستگی ایمن و اصول اعتماد به نفس و احساس مسئولیت در فرزند بود که در مجموع، 83/56 درصد واریانس کل را تبیین می‌کنند. در تحلیل عاملی تاییدی نیز نتایج حاکی از برازش قابل‌قبول در تعیین عامل‌ها بود. پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که ابزار طراحی‌شده از کفایت لازم بهره‌مند است و می‌توان در پژوهش‌ها از آن استفاده کرد و برای سنجش کیفیت فرزندپروری مثبت و ایمن، این سازه در نمونه‌های ایرانی از پایایی، روایی و برازش کافی برخوردار است.

شماره‌ی مقاله: 10
واژه‌های کلیدی: فرزندپروری مثبت، دلبستگی ایمن، خصوصیات روانسنجی، تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی، تحلیل عاملی تائیدی
متن کامل [PDF 581 kb]   (7 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: تخصصي
دریافت: 1403/1/14 | ویرایش نهایی: 1405/2/18 | پذیرش: 1404/4/26 | انتشار الکترونیک پیش از انتشار نهایی: 1404/7/13 | انتشار: 1404/10/10
فهرست منابع
1. Ali Akbari Dehkordi, Mahnaz., Kakojoybari, Ali Asghar., Mohtashmi, Tayyaba., Yakdelepour, Narges. (2013). Effectiveness of positive parenting program on parenting stress in mothers of hearing impaired children. Auditory and vestibular research, 23(6), 66-75. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/106393/fa [In Persian]
2. American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (2014). American educational research association. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association: Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing.‏ https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/14855-004
3. Amiri M, Pourhosein R, Yosefi Afrashteh M, Khanabadi M, Motavallipor A. (2015). The effect of behavioral parent training on decreasing stress and improving parenting styles of mothers of children with externalized behavior problems. Journal of Psychological Science. 14(53), 7-21. http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-244-fa.html [In Persian]
4. Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11(1), 56-95. [DOI:10.1177/0272431691111004]
5. Brown, F.L., Whittingham, K., Boyd, R. N., McKinlay, L., & Sofronoff, K. (2015). Does Stepping Stones Triple P Plus Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Improve Parent, Couple, and Family Adjustment Following Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury? A Randomised Controlled Trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 73, 58-66. [DOI:10.1016/j.brat.2015.07.001] [PMID]
6. Coleman, P. (2003). Perceptions of parent‐child attachment, social self‐efficacy, and peer relationships in middle childhood. Infant and Child Development, 12(4), 351-356. [DOI:10.1002/icd.316]
7. Delavar, A., Baratian, M., BEJANI, H., & MASOUDIAN, M. (2012). Standardization And Normalization Of Health-Concerns Questionnaire-54 (Hcq-54): A Case Study Of Iranian Undergraduates At State-Run Universities Of Tehran. https://magiran.com/p1045691
8. Eshaghzadeh, F., Reyhani, T., Moharreri, F., & Mazlom, S. R. (2018). Effect of Training Positive Parenting Program on Mother-child Relationship Among Mothers of Children With Externalizing Disorders. Evidence Based Care Journal, 8(2), 58-66. [DOI:10.22038/ebcj.2018.31024.1770]
9. Fedlan, D. A. (2022). Examining the Relationship Between Perceived Parenting Style and Attachment in Deaf Adults (A Replication Study). Gallaudet University. https://search.proquest.com/openview/a6664522e524f9ada785bb07a96f3f31/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=44156
10. Gershoff, E. (2013). Spanking and child development: We know enough now to stop hitting our children. [DOI:10.1111/cdep.12038] [PMID] []
11. Ghazanfari F, Hosseini Ramaghani N A, Moradiyani Gizeh Rod S K, Mehrabi M, Panahi H. The effectiveness of the mindfulness-based parenting program on the general health of mothers who have children with oppositional defiant disorder. Studies in Medical Sciences 2016; 27(7) :629-641. http://umj.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-3401-fa.html [In Persian]
12. Godfrey, D. (2019). Retrieved from https://positiveparenting.com/
13. Gottman, J. (2019). The Gottman Institute: A research-based approach to relationships. Retrieved from https://www.gottman.com/parents
14. Habibi, Arash; Jalalnia, Rahela. (2022). partial least squares. Tehran: Narun. [DOI:10.22054/ims.2024.77031.2413 [In Persian]]
15. Hahlweg, K., Heinrichs, N., Kuschel, A., Bertram, H., & Naumann, S. (2010). Long-term outcome of a randomized controlled universal prevention trial through a positive parenting program: is it worth the effort?. Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health, 4, 1-14. [DOI:10.1186/1753-2000-4-14] [PMID] []
16. Hajkhodadadi, D., Etemadi, O., Abedi, M R., Jazayeri, R S (2021). The effectiveness of triple-p (positive parenting program) on effective parenting and quality of child-parent relationship in mothers with adolescents. Psychological sciences, 20(98), 185-198 http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-805-fa.html [In Persian]
17. Hawkins, M., Elsworth, G. R., & Osborne, R. H. (2018). Application of validity theory and methodology to patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): building an argument for validity. Quality of life research, 27, 1695-1710.‏ [DOI:10.1007/s11136-018-1815-6] [PMID] []
18. Holtrop, K., Krauthamer Ewing, E. S., Topham, G. L., & Miller, D. (2020). Prevention of parent-child relational problems: The role of parenting interventions.In K. Wampler (Ed.), Handbook of Systemic Family Therapy (Vol. 2, pp. 57-86). Wiley. [DOI:10.1002/9781119788393.ch3] [PMID]
19. Irene Katsama (2022) Promoting positive parenting: a group social work intervention in a workplace setting, Journal of Social Work Practice, 36:1, 57-71 [DOI:10.1080/02650533.2021.1926223]
20. Jalilvand, M., Bagheri, F., & Nikmanesh, Z. (2021). The Influence of Positive Parenting Training on Improving Behavioral Function and Impulsivity in Children Suffering From Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. International Journal of Medical Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, 12(1), 35740. https://doi.org/10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35740 [DOI:10.32598/ijmtfm.v12i1.35740 [In Persian]]
21. Japutra, A. (2020). The relations among attachment styles, destination attachment and destination satisfaction. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(3), 270-275.‏ [DOI:10.1080/13683500.2019.1639640]
22. Japutra, A., Ekinci, Y., & Simkin, L. (2018). Positive and negative behaviours resulting from brand attachment: The moderating effects of attachment styles. European Journal of Marketing, 52(5/6), 1185-1202.‏ [DOI:10.1108/EJM-10-2016-0566]
23. Jones, K. (2016). Re: An open letter to The BMJ editors on qualitative research. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 352.‏ http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.i563/rr-9
24. Juffer F., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. & Van IJzendoorn M. (2008). Promoting positive parenting: An attachment-based intervention. New York: U.S.A.: Lawrence Erlbaum/Taylor & Francis. https://play.google.com/store/books/category/coll_1673
25. Julaieha N, Janbozorgi M, Alipour A, Pasandide A. (2021). Comparison of the Effectiveness of GOD Oriented Multidimensional Spiritual Parenting and Positive Parenting Program on Self-Esteem, Self-Efficacy and Self-Control of Children with Stressed Parents. RBS 2021; 19(2) :276-292 URL: http://rbs.mui.ac.ir/article-1-1025-fa.html [DOI:10.52547/rbs.19.2.276]
26. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2009). Wherever you go, there you are: Mindfulness meditation in everyday life. Hachette UK. http://psychoanalysis.by/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/070.pdf
27. Kaminski, J. W., Valle, L. A., Filene, J. H., & Boyle, C. L. (2008). A meta-analytic review of components associated with parent training program effectiveness. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36(4), 567-589. [DOI:10.1007/s10802-007-9201-9] [PMID]
28. Kane, M. (2013). The argument-based approach to validation. School Psychology Review, 42(4), 448-457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02796015.2013.12087465 [DOI:10.1080/02796015.2013.12087465]
29. Kane, M. T. (2016). Explicating validity. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 23(2), 198-211.‏ https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1080/0969594X.2015.1060192 [DOI:10.1080/0969594X.2015.1060192]
30. Kawai, T., Kuwano, Y., Masuda, K., Fujita, K., Tanaka, H., Nishikawa, T., ... & Nishida, K. (2017). Adverse parenting is associated with blunted salivary cortisol awakening response and altered expression of glucocorticoid receptor β and β2-adrenergic receptor mRNAs in leukocytes in Japanese medical students. Stress, 20(2), 159-166.‏ https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=201801004824864628 [DOI:10.1080/10253890.2017.1297415] [PMID]
31. Kazdin, A., & De Los Reyes, A. (2001). Conduct disorder. In R. Morris & T. Kratochwill (Eds.), the practice of child therapy (pp. 207-247). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. [DOI:10.4324/9780203820261]
32. Karmi, G. (2009). In search of Fatima: a Palestinian story. Verso Books. In Search of Fatima: A Palestinian Story | Verso Books
33. Kersey, K. (2006). The 101 Positive Principles of Discipline. Retrieved from https://ww2.odu.edu/~kkersey/101s/101principles.shtml.
34. Klein, Paul. )2012(. An easy guide to factor analysis, translated by Sadrossadat and Minai. Tehran: Side. [DOI:10.4324/9781315788135]
35. Knox, M., Burkhard, K., & Cromly, A. (2013). Supporting positive parenting in community health centers: The Act Raising Safe Kids Program. Journal of Community Psychology, 41(4), 395-407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcop.21543 [DOI:10.1002/jcop.21543]
36. Kumpfer, K. L., and Alvarado, R. (1998). Effective family strengthening interventions. Juvenile Justice Bulletin. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.strengtheningfamiliesprogram.org/about.html
37. Larzelere, R. E., Gunnoe, M. L., Roberts, M. w., & Ferguson, C. J. (2016). Children and Parents Deserve Better Parental Dicipline Research: Critiquing the Evidence for Exclusively "Positive" [DOI:10.1080/01494929.2016.1145613]
38. Levy, K. N., Johnson, B. N., Gooch, C. V., & Kivity, Y. (2019). Attachment style. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1093/med-psych/9780190843960.003.0002 [DOI:10.1093/med-psych/9780190843960.003.0002]
39. Markham, L. (2018). Peaceful Parent, Happy Siblings: How to Stop the Fighting and Raise Friends for Life. Penguin. [DOI:10.1177/0192513X15616848]
40. Merriam-Webster (2019). Retrieved from https://www.merriam-ebster.com/dictionary/discipline
41. Messick, S. (1995). Validity of psychological assessment: Validation of inferences from persons' responses and performances as scientific inquiry into score meaning. American psychologist, 50(9), 741.‏ https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0003-066X.50.9.741 [DOI:10.1037/0003-066X.50.9.741]
42. Nicholson, B. (2019). Retrieved from https://positivepsychology.com/URL/
43. Opoku, M., William, N., Esther, B. B., & Wisdom, K., Mprah. (2020): Understanding the parental experiences of raising deaf children in Ghana. Journal of Family Studies, 8(1), 1-.02 [DOI:10.1080/13229400.2020.1815557]
44. Parenting. Parenting, Marriage & Family. REVIEW, [DOI:10.1080/014949292016114 5613.]
45. Pettit, G., Bates, J., & Dodge, K. (1997). Supportive parenting, ecological context, and children's adjustment: A seven‐year longitudinal study. Child Development, 68(5), 908-919. [DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1997.tb01970.x] [PMID]
46. Roggman, L., & Boyce, L., & Innocenti, M. (2008). Developmental parenting: A guide for early childhood practitioners Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing. [DOI:10.1097/01.DBP.0000362045.58531.b0]
47. Roggman, L., Boyce, L., & Cook, G. (2009). Keeping kids on track: Impacts of a parenting-focused early head start program on attachment security and cognitive development. Early Education Development, 20, 920-941. [DOI:10.1080/10409280903118416]
48. Sabri, Javad., Bahramipour, Mansoura., Qumrani, Amir., Yarmohamedian, Ahmed. (2013). Effectiveness of positive parenting group program on reducing parenting stress of mothers with children with autism disorder. Knowledge and research in applied psychology, 15(2 (serial 56)), 69-77. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/163766/fa [In Persian]
49. Sanders, M. R. (2008). Triple P-Positive Parenting Program as a public health approach to strengthening parenting. Journal of family psychology, 22(4), 506.‏ https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0893-3200.22.3.506 [DOI:10.1037/0893-3200.22.3.506] [PMID]
50. Sandler, I. N., Schoenfelder, E. N., Wolchik, S. A., & MacKinnon, D. P. (2011). Long-term impact of prevention programs to promote effective parenting: Lasting effects but uncertain processes. Annual Review of Psychology, 62(1), 299-329. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131619] [PMID] []
51. Saunders, P., Bittman, M., Cashmore, J., Fisher, K., Thomson, C., valentine, K., Hoffmann, S., & Aggett, N. (2006). Families firest area review final summary report, final report for the cabinet office of NSW. University of New South Wales Consortium. http://dx.doi.org/ [DOI:10.26190/unsworks/300]
52. Sawatzky, R,. Chan EKH Zumbo, BD., et al. (2017). . Montreal accord on patient-reported outcomes (pros) use series-Paper 7: modern perspectives of measurement validation emphasize justification of inferences based on patient reported outcome scores. J Clin Epidemiol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.12.002 [DOI:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.12.00289,9-154.] [PMID]
53. Seay, A., Freysteinson, W. M., & McFarlane, J. (2014). Positive parenting. Nursing Forum, 49(3), 200-208 [DOI:10.1111/nuf.12093] [PMID]
54. Shauffer, C. (2004). The quallity parentng initiative: Supporting excellent parenting in the United States. https://adygnet.ru/upload/medialibrary/401/149.
55. Smetana, J. G. (2017). Current research on parenting styles, dimensions, and beliefs. Current opinion in psychology, 15, 19-25. [DOI:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.02.012] [PMID]
56. Spijkers, W., Jansen, D. E., de Meer, G., & Reijneveld, S. A. (2010). Effectiveness of a parenting programme in a public health setting: a randomised controlled trial of the positive parenting programme (Triple P) level 3 versus care as usual provided by the preventive child healthcare (PCH). BMC public Health, 10(1), 1-6.‏ http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/131 [DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-10-131] [PMID] []
57. Talei, Ali, Tahmasian, Karine, & Vafai, Narges. (2011). Effectiveness of positive parenting program training on mothers' parenting self-efficacy. Family Studies, 7(3),1-.10 [In Persian] [DOI:10.22054/jpe.2023.67103.2437]
58. Weisz, J. R., & Kazdin, A. E. (2017a). The present and future of evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents. In J. R. Weisz & A. E. Kazdin (Eds.), Evidence-based psychotherapies for children and adolescents (3rd ed., pp. 577-595). Guilford Press. [DOI:10.1111/j.1475-3588.2007.00475.x] [PMID]
59. Wolchik, S., Sandler, I., Weiss, L., & Winslow, E. (2007). New Beginnings: An empirically-based program to help divorced mothers promote resilience in their children. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232468945
60. Woodhouse, S., Ayers, S., & Field, A. P. (2015). The relationship between adult attachment style and post-traumatic stress symptoms: A meta-analysis. Journal of anxiety disorders, 35, 103-117.‏ [DOI:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.07.002] [PMID]
61. Yusuf, o., Gonka, o., & Aynur, A. P. (2018). The Effects of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on Parenting, Family Functioning and Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. A Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1542189 [DOI:10.1080/24750573.2018.1542189.]
62. Zumbo, B. D., & Chan, E. K. (2014). Validity and validation in social, behavioral, and health sciences (Social Indicators Research Series, Vol. 54. Cham: Springer International Publishing.‏ https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-319-07794-9_5 [DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-07794-9]
ارسال پیام به نویسنده مسئول

بازنشر اطلاعات
Creative Commons License این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است.

کلیه حقوق این وب سایت متعلق به روانشناسی معاصر، دوفصلنامه انجمن روانشناسی ایران می باشد.

طراحی و برنامه نویسی : یکتاوب افزار شرق