Aggression is considered one of the major behavioral challenges with wide-ranging individual and social consequences, and identifying its contributing factors can provide useful insights for prevention and psychological interventions. the current study's aim was to investigate the role of anxiety and dimensions of social competence and emotion regulation in aggression. in terms of the goals, current research is classified as fundamental. And in terms of its data-collecting method, it's a descriptive-correlational study. 340 students of Tabriz University were selected by cluster sampling method. After giving necessary explanations and with informed consent, the sample students responded to Parandin & Karami Social Competence Questionnaire (2006), John & Gross Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2003), Beck Anxiety Inventory (1988), and the Brief Aggression Questionnaire of Webster et al. (2014). in order to investigate the composite role of these variables in predicting aggression, we used multiple regression analysis method in analysing the data. The results of the regression analysis showed that anxiety and dimensions of social competence and emotion regulation were significantly correlated with aggression and predicted 25 % of aggression. Also, 25% of variance of aggression can be explained by anxiety and subcomponents of social competence and emotion regulation. In order to determine the separate and particular role of each subcomponent and variable in predicting aggression, we calculated standardized and non-standard regression coefficients and The results of the analysis showed that among predictive variables of investigation, anxiety and two major sub-components of social competence namely, Motivation and Expectation sets and Behavioral skills are able to significantly predict part of the variance of aggression. dimensions of Emotion regulation and other dimensions of social competence did not have a significant role in predicting aggression. Overall, the findings of this research indicated that anxiety and some sub-components of social competence can play an important role in predicting aggression